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| Current File : //usr/sbin/dnssec-coverage |
#!/usr/bin/python3
############################################################################
# Copyright (C) 2013-2015 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
#
# Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any
# purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
# copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ISC DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH
# REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
# AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL ISC BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT,
# INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM
# LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE
# OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
# PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
############################################################################
import argparse
import os
import glob
import sys
import re
import time
import calendar
from collections import defaultdict
import pprint
prog='dnssec-coverage'
# These routines permit platform-independent location of BIND 9 tools
if os.name == 'nt':
import win32con
import win32api
def prefix(bindir = ''):
if os.name != 'nt':
return os.path.join('/usr', bindir)
bind_subkey = "Software\\ISC\\BIND"
hKey = None
keyFound = True
try:
hKey = win32api.RegOpenKeyEx(win32con.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, bind_subkey)
except:
keyFound = False
if keyFound:
try:
(namedBase, _) = win32api.RegQueryValueEx(hKey, "InstallDir")
except:
keyFound = False
win32api.RegCloseKey(hKey)
if keyFound:
return os.path.join(namedBase, bindir)
return os.path.join(win32api.GetSystemDirectory(), bindir)
########################################################################
# Class Event
########################################################################
class Event:
""" A discrete key metadata event, e.g., Publish, Activate, Inactive,
Delete. Stores the date of the event, and identifying information about
the key to which the event will occur."""
def __init__(self, _what, _key):
now = time.time()
self.what = _what
self.when = _key.metadata[_what]
self.key = _key
self.keyid = _key.keyid
self.sep = _key.sep
self.zone = _key.zone
self.alg = _key.alg
def __repr__(self):
return repr((self.when, self.what, self.keyid, self.sep,
self.zone, self.alg))
def showtime(self):
return time.strftime("%a %b %d %H:%M:%S UTC %Y", self.when)
def showkey(self):
return self.key.showkey()
def showkeytype(self):
return self.key.showkeytype()
########################################################################
# Class Key
########################################################################
class Key:
"""An individual DNSSEC key. Identified by path, zone, algorithm, keyid.
Contains a dictionary of metadata events."""
def __init__(self, keyname):
directory = os.path.dirname(keyname)
key = os.path.basename(keyname)
(zone, alg, keyid) = key.split('+')
keyid = keyid.split('.')[0]
key = [zone, alg, keyid]
key_file = directory + os.sep + '+'.join(key) + ".key"
private_file = directory + os.sep + '+'.join(key) + ".private"
self.zone = zone[1:-1]
self.alg = int(alg)
self.keyid = int(keyid)
kfp = open(key_file, "r")
for line in kfp:
if line[0] == ';':
continue
tokens = line.split()
if not tokens:
continue
if tokens[1].lower() in ('in', 'ch', 'hs'):
septoken = 3
self.ttl = args.keyttl
if not self.ttl:
vspace()
print("WARNING: Unable to determine TTL for DNSKEY %s." %
self.showkey())
print("\t Using 1 day (86400 seconds); re-run with the -d "
"option for more\n\t accurate results.")
self.ttl = 86400
else:
septoken = 4
self.ttl = int(tokens[1]) if not args.keyttl else args.keyttl
if (int(tokens[septoken]) & 0x1) == 1:
self.sep = True
else:
self.sep = False
kfp.close()
pfp = open(private_file, "rU")
propDict = dict()
for propLine in pfp:
propDef = propLine.strip()
if len(propDef) == 0:
continue
if propDef[0] in ('!', '#'):
continue
punctuation = [propDef.find(c) for c in ':= '] + [len(propDef)]
found = min([ pos for pos in punctuation if pos != -1 ])
name = propDef[:found].rstrip()
value = propDef[found:].lstrip(":= ").rstrip()
propDict[name] = value
if("Publish" in propDict):
propDict["Publish"] = time.strptime(propDict["Publish"],
"%Y%m%d%H%M%S")
if("Activate" in propDict):
propDict["Activate"] = time.strptime(propDict["Activate"],
"%Y%m%d%H%M%S")
if("Inactive" in propDict):
propDict["Inactive"] = time.strptime(propDict["Inactive"],
"%Y%m%d%H%M%S")
if("Delete" in propDict):
propDict["Delete"] = time.strptime(propDict["Delete"],
"%Y%m%d%H%M%S")
if("Revoke" in propDict):
propDict["Revoke"] = time.strptime(propDict["Revoke"],
"%Y%m%d%H%M%S")
pfp.close()
self.metadata = propDict
def showkey(self):
return "%s/%03d/%05d" % (self.zone, self.alg, self.keyid);
def showkeytype(self):
return ("KSK" if self.sep else "ZSK")
# ensure that the gap between Publish and Activate is big enough
def check_prepub(self):
now = time.time()
if (not "Activate" in self.metadata):
debug_print("No Activate information in key: %s" % self.showkey())
return False
a = calendar.timegm(self.metadata["Activate"])
if (not "Publish" in self.metadata):
debug_print("No Publish information in key: %s" % self.showkey())
if a > now:
vspace()
print("WARNING: Key %s (%s) is scheduled for activation but \n"
"\t not for publication." %
(self.showkey(), self.showkeytype()))
return False
p = calendar.timegm(self.metadata["Publish"])
now = time.time()
if p < now and a < now:
return True
if p == a:
vspace()
print ("WARNING: %s (%s) is scheduled to be published and\n"
"\t activated at the same time. This could result in a\n"
"\t coverage gap if the zone was previously signed." %
(self.showkey(), self.showkeytype()))
print("\t Activation should be at least %s after publication."
% duration(self.ttl))
return True
if a < p:
vspace()
print("WARNING: Key %s (%s) is active before it is published" %
(self.showkey(), self.showkeytype()))
return False
if (a - p < self.ttl):
vspace()
print("WARNING: Key %s (%s) is activated too soon after\n"
"\t publication; this could result in coverage gaps due to\n"
"\t resolver caches containing old data."
% (self.showkey(), self.showkeytype()))
print("\t Activation should be at least %s after publication." %
duration(self.ttl))
return False
return True
# ensure that the gap between Inactive and Delete is big enough
def check_postpub(self, timespan = None):
if not timespan:
timespan = self.ttl
now = time.time()
if (not "Delete" in self.metadata):
debug_print("No Delete information in key: %s" % self.showkey())
return False
d = calendar.timegm(self.metadata["Delete"])
if (not "Inactive" in self.metadata):
debug_print("No Inactive information in key: %s" % self.showkey())
if d > now:
vspace()
print("WARNING: Key %s (%s) is scheduled for deletion but\n"
"\t not for inactivation." %
(self.showkey(), self.showkeytype()))
return False
i = calendar.timegm(self.metadata["Inactive"])
if d < now and i < now:
return True
if (d < i):
vspace()
print("WARNING: Key %s (%s) is scheduled for deletion before\n"
"\t inactivation." % (self.showkey(), self.showkeytype()))
return False
if (d - i < timespan):
vspace()
print("WARNING: Key %s (%s) scheduled for deletion too soon after\n"
"\t deactivation; this may result in coverage gaps due to\n"
"\t resolver caches containing old data."
% (self.showkey(), self.showkeytype()))
print("\t Deletion should be at least %s after inactivation." %
duration(timespan))
return False
return True
########################################################################
# class Zone
########################################################################
class Zone:
"""Stores data about a specific zone"""
def __init__(self, _name, _keyttl = None, _maxttl = None):
self.name = _name
self.keyttl = _keyttl
self.maxttl = _maxttl
def load(self, filename):
if not args.compilezone:
sys.stderr.write(prog + ': FATAL: "named-compilezone" not found\n')
exit(1)
if not self.name:
return
maxttl = keyttl = None
fp = os.popen("%s -o - %s %s 2> /dev/null" %
(args.compilezone, self.name, filename))
for line in fp:
fields = line.split()
if not maxttl or int(fields[1]) > maxttl:
maxttl = int(fields[1])
if fields[3] == "DNSKEY":
keyttl = int(fields[1])
fp.close()
self.keyttl = keyttl
self.maxttl = maxttl
############################################################################
# debug_print:
############################################################################
def debug_print(debugVar):
"""pretty print a variable iff debug mode is enabled"""
if not args.debug_mode:
return
if type(debugVar) == str:
print("DEBUG: " + debugVar)
else:
print("DEBUG: " + pprint.pformat(debugVar))
return
############################################################################
# vspace:
############################################################################
_firstline = True
def vspace():
"""adds vertical space between two sections of output text if and only
if this is *not* the first section being printed"""
global _firstline
if _firstline:
_firstline = False
else:
print('')
############################################################################
# vreset:
############################################################################
def vreset():
"""reset vertical spacing"""
global _firstline
_firstline = True
############################################################################
# getunit
############################################################################
def getunit(secs, size):
"""given a number of seconds, and a number of seconds in a larger unit of
time, calculate how many of the larger unit there are and return both
that and a remainder value"""
bigunit = secs // size
if bigunit:
secs %= size
return (bigunit, secs)
############################################################################
# addtime
############################################################################
def addtime(output, unit, t):
"""add a formatted unit of time to an accumulating string"""
if t:
output += ("%s%d %s%s" %
((", " if output else ""),
t, unit, ("s" if t > 1 else "")))
return output
############################################################################
# duration:
############################################################################
def duration(secs):
"""given a length of time in seconds, print a formatted human duration
in larger units of time
"""
# define units:
minute = 60
hour = minute * 60
day = hour * 24
month = day * 30
year = day * 365
# calculate time in units:
(years, secs) = getunit(secs, year)
(months, secs) = getunit(secs, month)
(days, secs) = getunit(secs, day)
(hours, secs) = getunit(secs, hour)
(minutes, secs) = getunit(secs, minute)
output = ''
output = addtime(output, "year", years)
output = addtime(output, "month", months)
output = addtime(output, "day", days)
output = addtime(output, "hour", hours)
output = addtime(output, "minute", minutes)
output = addtime(output, "second", secs)
return output
############################################################################
# parse_time
############################################################################
def parse_time(s):
"""convert a formatted time (e.g., 1y, 6mo, 15mi, etc) into seconds"""
s = s.strip()
# if s is an integer, we're done already
try:
n = int(s)
return n
except:
pass
# try to parse as a number with a suffix indicating unit of time
r = re.compile('([0-9][0-9]*)\s*([A-Za-z]*)')
m = r.match(s)
if not m:
raise Exception("Cannot parse %s" % s)
(n, unit) = m.groups()
n = int(n)
unit = unit.lower()
if unit[0] == 'y':
return n * 31536000
elif unit[0] == 'm' and unit[1] == 'o':
return n * 2592000
elif unit[0] == 'w':
return n * 604800
elif unit[0] == 'd':
return n * 86400
elif unit[0] == 'h':
return n * 3600
elif unit[0] == 'm' and unit[1] == 'i':
return n * 60
elif unit[0] == 's':
return n
else:
raise Exception("Invalid suffix %s" % unit)
############################################################################
# algname:
############################################################################
def algname(alg):
"""return the mnemonic for a DNSSEC algorithm"""
names = (None, 'RSAMD5', 'DH', 'DSA', 'ECC', 'RSASHA1',
'NSEC3DSA', 'NSEC3RSASHA1', 'RSASHA256', None,
'RSASHA512', None, 'ECCGOST', 'ECDSAP256SHA256',
'ECDSAP384SHA384')
name = None
if alg in range(len(names)):
name = names[alg]
return (name if name else str(alg))
############################################################################
# list_events:
############################################################################
def list_events(eventgroup):
"""print a list of the events in an eventgroup"""
if not eventgroup:
return
print (" " + eventgroup[0].showtime() + ":")
for event in eventgroup:
print (" %s: %s (%s)" %
(event.what, event.showkey(), event.showkeytype()))
############################################################################
# process_events:
############################################################################
def process_events(eventgroup, active, published):
"""go through the events in an event group in time-order, add to active
list upon Activate event, add to published list upon Publish event,
remove from active list upon Inactive event, and remove from published
upon Delete event. Emit warnings when inconsistant states are reached"""
for event in eventgroup:
if event.what == "Activate":
active.add(event.keyid)
elif event.what == "Publish":
published.add(event.keyid)
elif event.what == "Inactive":
if event.keyid not in active:
vspace()
print ("\tWARNING: %s (%s) scheduled to become inactive "
"before it is active" %
(event.showkey(), event.showkeytype()))
else:
active.remove(event.keyid)
elif event.what == "Delete":
if event.keyid in published:
published.remove(event.keyid)
else:
vspace()
print ("WARNING: key %s (%s) is scheduled for deletion before "
"it is published, at %s" %
(event.showkey(), event.showkeytype()))
elif event.what == "Revoke":
# We don't need to worry about the logic of this one;
# just stop counting this key as either active or published
if event.keyid in published:
published.remove(event.keyid)
if event.keyid in active:
active.remove(event.keyid)
return (active, published)
############################################################################
# check_events:
############################################################################
def check_events(eventsList, ksk):
"""create lists of events happening at the same time, check for
inconsistancies"""
active = set()
published = set()
eventgroups = list()
eventgroup = list()
keytype = ("KSK" if ksk else "ZSK")
# collect up all events that have the same time
eventsfound = False
for event in eventsList:
# if checking ZSKs, skip KSKs, and vice versa
if (ksk and not event.sep) or (event.sep and not ksk):
continue
# we found an appropriate (ZSK or KSK event)
eventsfound = True
# add event to current eventgroup
if (not eventgroup or eventgroup[0].when == event.when):
eventgroup.append(event)
# if we're at the end of the list, we're done. if
# we've found an event with a later time, start a new
# eventgroup
if (eventgroup[0].when != event.when):
eventgroups.append(eventgroup)
eventgroup = list()
eventgroup.append(event)
if eventgroup:
eventgroups.append(eventgroup)
for eventgroup in eventgroups:
if (args.checklimit and
calendar.timegm(eventgroup[0].when) > args.checklimit):
print("Ignoring events after %s" %
time.strftime("%a %b %d %H:%M:%S UTC %Y",
time.gmtime(args.checklimit)))
return True
(active, published) = \
process_events(eventgroup, active, published)
list_events(eventgroup)
# and then check for inconsistencies:
if len(active) == 0:
print ("ERROR: No %s's are active after this event" % keytype)
return False
elif len(published) == 0:
sys.stdout.write("ERROR: ")
print ("ERROR: No %s's are published after this event" % keytype)
return False
elif len(published.intersection(active)) == 0:
sys.stdout.write("ERROR: ")
print (("ERROR: No %s's are both active and published " +
"after this event") % keytype)
return False
if not eventsfound:
print ("ERROR: No %s events found in '%s'" %
(keytype, args.path))
return False
return True
############################################################################
# check_zones:
# ############################################################################
def check_zones(eventsList):
"""scan events per zone, algorithm, and key type, in order of occurrance,
noting inconsistent states when found"""
global foundprob
foundprob = False
zonesfound = False
for zone in eventsList:
if args.zone and zone != args.zone:
continue
zonesfound = True
for alg in eventsList[zone]:
if not args.no_ksk:
vspace()
print("Checking scheduled KSK events for zone %s, algorithm %s..." %
(zone, algname(alg)))
if not check_events(eventsList[zone][alg], True):
foundprob = True
else:
print ("No errors found")
if not args.no_zsk:
vspace()
print("Checking scheduled ZSK events for zone %s, algorithm %s..." %
(zone, algname(alg)))
if not check_events(eventsList[zone][alg], False):
foundprob = True
else:
print ("No errors found")
if not zonesfound:
print("ERROR: No key events found for %s in '%s'" %
(args.zone, args.path))
exit(1)
############################################################################
# fill_eventsList:
############################################################################
def fill_eventsList(eventsList):
"""populate the list of events"""
for zone, algorithms in keyDict.items():
for alg, keys in algorithms.items():
for keyid, keydata in keys.items():
if("Publish" in keydata.metadata):
eventsList[zone][alg].append(Event("Publish", keydata))
if("Activate" in keydata.metadata):
eventsList[zone][alg].append(Event("Activate", keydata))
if("Inactive" in keydata.metadata):
eventsList[zone][alg].append(Event("Inactive", keydata))
if("Delete" in keydata.metadata):
eventsList[zone][alg].append(Event("Delete", keydata))
eventsList[zone][alg] = sorted(eventsList[zone][alg],
key=lambda event: event.when)
foundprob = False
if not keyDict:
print("ERROR: No key events found in '%s'" % args.path)
exit(1)
############################################################################
# set_path:
############################################################################
def set_path(command, default=None):
"""find the location of a specified command. if a default is supplied
and it works, we use it; otherwise we search PATH for a match. If
not found, error and exit"""
fpath = default
if not fpath or not os.path.isfile(fpath) or not os.access(fpath, os.X_OK):
path = os.environ["PATH"]
if not path:
path = os.path.defpath
for directory in path.split(os.pathsep):
fpath = directory + os.sep + command
if os.path.isfile(fpath) or os.access(fpath, os.X_OK):
break
fpath = None
return fpath
############################################################################
# parse_args:
############################################################################
def parse_args():
"""Read command line arguments, set global 'args' structure"""
global args
compilezone = set_path('named-compilezone',
os.path.join(prefix('bin'), 'named-compilezone'))
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=prog + ': checks future ' +
'DNSKEY coverage for a zone')
parser.add_argument('zone', type=str, help='zone to check')
parser.add_argument('-K', dest='path', default='.', type=str,
help='a directory containing keys to process',
metavar='dir')
parser.add_argument('-f', dest='filename', type=str,
help='zone master file', metavar='file')
parser.add_argument('-m', dest='maxttl', type=str,
help='the longest TTL in the zone(s)',
metavar='time')
parser.add_argument('-d', dest='keyttl', type=str,
help='the DNSKEY TTL', metavar='time')
parser.add_argument('-r', dest='resign', default='1944000',
type=str, help='the RRSIG refresh interval '
'in seconds [default: 22.5 days]',
metavar='time')
parser.add_argument('-c', dest='compilezone',
default=compilezone, type=str,
help='path to \'named-compilezone\'',
metavar='path')
parser.add_argument('-l', dest='checklimit',
type=str, default='0',
help='Length of time to check for '
'DNSSEC coverage [default: 0 (unlimited)]',
metavar='time')
parser.add_argument('-z', dest='no_ksk',
action='store_true', default=False,
help='Only check zone-signing keys (ZSKs)')
parser.add_argument('-k', dest='no_zsk',
action='store_true', default=False,
help='Only check key-signing keys (KSKs)')
parser.add_argument('-D', '--debug', dest='debug_mode',
action='store_true', default=False,
help='Turn on debugging output')
parser.add_argument('-v', '--version', action='version', version='9.9.1')
args = parser.parse_args()
if args.no_zsk and args.no_ksk:
print("ERROR: -z and -k cannot be used together.");
exit(1)
# convert from time arguments to seconds
try:
if args.maxttl:
m = parse_time(args.maxttl)
args.maxttl = m
except:
pass
try:
if args.keyttl:
k = parse_time(args.keyttl)
args.keyttl = k
except:
pass
try:
if args.resign:
r = parse_time(args.resign)
args.resign = r
except:
pass
try:
if args.checklimit:
lim = args.checklimit
r = parse_time(args.checklimit)
if r == 0:
args.checklimit = None
else:
args.checklimit = time.time() + r
except:
pass
# if we've got the values we need from the command line, stop now
if args.maxttl and args.keyttl:
return
# load keyttl and maxttl data from zonefile
if args.zone and args.filename:
try:
zone = Zone(args.zone)
zone.load(args.filename)
if not args.maxttl:
args.maxttl = zone.maxttl
if not args.keyttl:
args.keyttl = zone.maxttl
except Exception as e:
print("Unable to load zone data from %s: " % args.filename, e)
if not args.maxttl:
vspace()
print ("WARNING: Maximum TTL value was not specified. Using 1 week\n"
"\t (604800 seconds); re-run with the -m option to get more\n"
"\t accurate results.")
args.maxttl = 604800
############################################################################
# Main
############################################################################
def main():
global keyDict
parse_args()
path=args.path
print ("PHASE 1--Loading keys to check for internal timing problems")
keyDict = defaultdict(lambda : defaultdict(dict))
files = glob.glob(os.path.join(path, '*.private'))
for infile in files:
key = Key(infile)
if args.zone and key.zone != args.zone:
continue
keyDict[key.zone][key.alg][key.keyid] = key
key.check_prepub()
if key.sep:
key.check_postpub()
else:
key.check_postpub(args.maxttl + args.resign)
vspace()
print ("PHASE 2--Scanning future key events for coverage failures")
vreset()
eventsList = defaultdict(lambda : defaultdict(list))
fill_eventsList(eventsList)
check_zones(eventsList)
if foundprob:
exit(1)
else:
exit(0)
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()